Indian Psychological Concepts and their Application in Contemporary Mental Health Practices

Authors:

Vandana Sharma, Dr. Siddharth Lohani, Dr. Ramesh Chandra Singh

Pages: 44-55

Abstract:

The increasing global burden of mental health concerns has drawn attention to the limitations of predominantly biomedical and Western-oriented psychological models, highlighting the need for more holistic and culturally responsive approaches. In this context, the present paper examines key concepts from Indian psychology and evaluates their relevance within contemporary mental health frameworks. Rooted in classical philosophical traditions, Indian psychology offers an integrative perspective on human functioning that encompasses cognitive, emotional, behavioural, and spiritual dimensions. Core constructs such as Atman (the true self), Citta (mental processes), Samskara (mental impressions), and the Triguna theory (fundamental psychological qualities) are explored to understand their role in shaping psychological well-being, personality development, and behavioural regulation. The analysis suggests that, in contrast to reductionist models, Indian psychology conceptualizes mental well-being as a dynamic state characterized by balance, self-awareness, and inner harmony. It places strong emphasis on preventive approaches, particularly through practices such as yoga, meditation, and mindfulness. These practices are increasingly supported by empirical research demonstrating their effectiveness in reducing stress, improving emotional regulation, and enhancing overall psychological functioning. The paper further considers how these practices, along with their underlying conceptual foundations, are being incorporated into contemporary therapeutic approaches, including mindfulness-based and integrative treatment models. The study also examines the application of Indian psychological principles within counselling and psychotherapy, with particular attention to their role in fostering self-awareness, facilitating behavioural change, and strengthening emotional resilience. At the same time, it identifies important challenges, including the need for systematic empirical validation, clearer theoretical articulation, and greater integration with developments in modern psychology and neuroscience. Overall, the paper argues that integrating insights from Indian psychology with contemporary mental health practices can support the development of more comprehensive, culturally sensitive, and sustainable approaches to psychological well-being.